美国Lee Academy高级中学(上海校区)采用“Understanding by Design(UbD)”的教学方式，基于标准评估，结合学生平日真实的表现力，向外展现他们理解的层次，这种教学方式的亮点在于“边学习，边设计，边理解”。学校要求学生解释他们的理解，诠释内涵，展现从不同视角观察世界的能力，或将其所学运用到不同的新环境中，深入浅出的培养学生的批判性思辨习惯。学生也可以将“移情作用”作为理解世界的工具。更为重要的是：我们要求学生对自己的每个作品展开自我评估，自身切实感受到某个领域上的不断提升。

美国Lee Academy高级中学（上海校区）

真实性评估 (AAs) 是基于UbD理念孕育而生的教学评估方式和延伸手段，在纯美式高中学习过程中占有举足轻重的位置。如下是我校教学督导Michael Hutchins分享一些关于理解性教学(UbD)理念下，关于真实性评估(AAs)个人看法与心得,以帮助学生更好理解 (AAs)。

Lee Academy is unique in its curriculum and instructional philosophy and teacher evaluation system. The School bases its curriculum and instructional philosophy on Understanding by Design (UbD), combining a standards-based curriculum and an assessment system that measures students' understanding over simply knowledge. Tests merely measure the acquisition of knowledge, whereas UbD authentic assessments, summative assessments, and self-reflection measure students' understanding of the knowledge they have learned and the ability to apply that knowldege in other contexts. The highlight of this approach is "learning, designing ,and understanding". The School requires students to explain what they understand, interpret the implications, demonstrate their abilities to observe the world from different perspectives, and apply what they have learned to different new environments, thereby cultivating students' critical thinking habits through in-depth explanation. Students also learn to use "empathy"as a tool to understand the world. Most importantly, UbD requires students to assess their own works, so they understand and realize more fully their learning process.

Michael H.

国家/地区：美国

Nationality: USA

毕业院校/学历专业：UbD理念教育培训专家

Academic Credentials:Professor of UbD Theory

职位：教学督导

Position：Director of Curriculum & Instruction

关于AAs

世界各地的传统教育把考试成绩作为衡量成功与否的最终指标。准备考试需要从老师或教科书上获取客观事实和知识，然后根据既定的客观事实和知识来应对考试。在这些教育体系中，学习的目的是为了在考试中取得好成绩。学生通过考试取得了成功，那么，对技能、知识、概念和事实的长期理解，就显得不那么重要了。

Traditional education around the world focuses on exam scores as an indicator of success. Preparing for exams requires receiving facts and knowledge from a teacher or textbook and then answering questions based on those facts and that knowledge. The purpose of learning in these educational systems is to perform well on exam. Long-lasting understanding of the skills, knowledge, concepts, and facts is not important if students pass the exam.

Lee Academy的真实性评估(AAs)让学习与学生紧紧在一起，与被动从老师那里获取知识不同，AAs要求学生把他们在课堂上学到的技能和知识，迁移和应用到另一个现实世界环境中。AAs将校内学习的知识带到课堂之外，向学生展示所学知识在现实世界中的具体应用。

Lee Academy Authentic assessments (AAs), however, make learning relevant to students. Instead of being passive recipients of knowledge from teachers, AAs require students to take the skills and knowledge they have learned in the classroom and apply that to another context, in the real world. AAs take learning outside of the classroom and demonstrate to students that learning has concrete applications in the real world.

例如：要教别人打高尔夫球，你不能只在书面讲授规则、技术和策略，然后在考试中测试他们的知识。一个人若要真正学会高尔夫，就需要站在高尔夫球场上，通过实际操作和练习高尔夫，掌握其中的规则、技巧和策略。这同样适用于所有学科领域——文学、历史、科学、数学、社会研究、体育和数学等，它们都可以在现实世界中使用，所以学习必须围绕学生如何在现实环境中应用他们的知识和技能。

To teach someone to play golf, you cannot just lecture about the rules, techniques, and strategies of golf, and then test their knowledge on an exam. To learn about golf (basketball), one needs to be on the golf course practicing those rules, techniques, and strategies. The same applies to all subject areas – literature, history, science, math, social studies, sports, and math; they all can be used in the real world, so learning must be centered around how students can apply their knowledge and skills in real-world contexts.

真实性评估(AAs)要求学生“实践学科科目”，向老师展示真正的“理解”。笔试只是表明学生知道了什么，真实性评估(AAs)则对学生所知所能的“理解”，提供了直接的证据。

Authentic Assessments require students to “do the subject” to demonstrate to the teacher true understanding. Written exams only suggest what students know. Authentic Assessments provide the direct evidence of understanding of what students know and can do.

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